美国总统选举制度

 
選舉人團的制度
  • 一州為一個選舉人團單位。
  • 初始每個州的選舉人人數同該州在國會議員總人數相等,全國共535人。目前,加利福尼亞州選舉人票最多,達55張,德克薩斯州34張,紐約州31張,而阿拉斯加德拉瓦懷俄明等每州只有3張。
  • 1961年批准的第二十三條憲法修正案給華盛頓特區3名選舉人,總統選舉人因此增到538人。
  • 得到超過半數選舉人票(即至少獲得270票)的總統候選人獲勝。
  • 除了緬因內布拉斯加兩個州是按普選票得票比例分配選舉人票外,其餘48個州和華盛頓特區均實行「勝者全得」制度,即把本州的選舉人票全部給予在該州獲得相對多數普選票的總統候選人。
  • 如果所有候選人都未能獲得半數以上的選舉人票,則由國會眾議院從得票最多的前三名候選人中選出總統。1824年約翰·昆西·亞當斯即在此種情況下,最後由眾議院投票選舉為總統。

来源: 維基百科

Took 70-113 this afternoon …

This is a pilot, new format, beta test.  It has two parts.  Part 1 is the new virtual lab based, including two labs, totally about 15 tasks, in multi-domain headquarter-branch scenarios.  After each lab, there are chances to put comments on this new format.  Part 2 is the traditional multiple choice questions, just need click or move some objects, the questions are very basic.
It’s worth to take this test, for about 3 hours, although there is no score.  One hour for each lab, and another hour to answer 37 questions.  The virtual lab is not running very well in first time, as reported by other fellows.  I tried 13 times in about 5 minutes, got 12 "Virtual lab is not ready, please try again later" pop-ups, finally the virtual lab launched.
The screen is somehow similar to Microsoft virtual labs on their web site.  About one fourth of the screen on the right side is the help and instructions.  The task pad is just next to it, can be collapsed or expanded.  When task pad expanded, it overlaps the virtual server screen, so it’s really not possible to see both at the same time.  You have to use the paper provided by the test centre.  This is not what most system administrators have on their desks today.  Dual 17" screen is quite common or even larger.  You can see both the remote server screen on one monitor, and your tasks on another screen, they may come in email or ticket system or a project plan.  This is really what Microsoft and their partners need to improve if they want to release this kind of test format.
Besides the first time glitch when launch the virtual lab, the speed is not good all the time.  You can feel it is a remote virtual machine, the mouse and the keyboard cursor is sticky, more like controlling via iLO or DRAC, or a virtual machine without Additions installed.
Overall, take a test without paying a penny but even can get 3 vouchers in two month is not a bad deal.
 
Also, I found this one the Internet – "Registration is extended till December 17th for testing New Virtual Lab based Exam 70-113: TS: Windows® Server 2008 Active Directory, Configuring".
 
Update December 9, I’ve got three vouchers from Prometric "Congratulations! You are receiving 3 free exam vouchers for taking the pilot exam 70-113 and supporting the trial of the new Microsoft virtual lab-based performance testing. Vouchers are valid for any Microsoft technical certification exam and should be redeemed before 06/30/2009. "  It’s coming earlier than expected, someone on the Internet said the vouchers would be distributered in February 2009.